In s
, we know for certain that Jones, Rutherford, and Aaronson were early
leaders of the Revolution. We also know that they were tortured because they came to be seen as
threats to the leadership of the party. You can read a relatively long discussion of these mens
fate in Part I, Chapter 7.
In Part I, Chapter 7,relates how he once saw the
three men in a caf© after they had been arrested and had been held for over a year before being
released. At their show trials, they had confessed to many crimes. They had then been
released, but Winston knew that it was only a matter of time before they would disappear again.
Looking at the men, Winston sees evidence that they have been tortured.
Goldstein is something of a different story. He is supposed to be a former party
leader like the other three. Unlike them, we are not sure if he really ever existed or if he
was made up by the party to be an object of popular hatred. Goldstein has allegedly gone
against the party and Big Brother and has started the rebel group, the Brotherhood. Again, we
are never really sure if he actually exists.
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