In s poem
titled , the title character states or implies that he shares a number of qualities or
characteristics with his men. These characteristics include the following:
- Mutual affection (9).
- Mutual courage in battle
(16). - Mutual toil, as when Ulysses refers to his mariners as
Souls that have toil'd and wrought, and thought with
me-- (46)
- Mutual joy in undertaking quests
and adventures (47). - Mutual determination and confidence (49).
- Mutual old age (49).
- Mutual strife with the gods €“ that is, a
mutual commitment to challenging fate (53). - Mutual commitment to adventure
(57). - Mutual dedication to physical challenges (58-59).
- Mutual willingness to risk death (62-64).
- The possibility of
mutual existence after death (63). - Mutual admiration for the great hero
Achilles (64). - Mutual resilience despite advanced age (65).
- Mutual diminishment of the physical strength they had when younger (66).
- Mutual achievements when they were younger (67).
- Mutual temper
of heroic hearts (68) €“ in other words, mutual courage. - Mutual commitment
to their new adventure despite their limitations (69-70).
Something extra: Tennysons poem invites
attention from any critical theory that emphasizes the importance of
intertextuality, or the way one text can allude to other texts. Tennysons
poem almost demands to be read in light of the presentation of Ulysses (Odysseus) in both the
Iliad and especially the Odyssey of the great ancient
Greek poet known as Homer. Tennyson takes great liberties with Homers depiction of Odysseus,
Penelope, and Telemachus. A biographical or historical critic might want to explore why
Tennyson did this and how his adaptation of the Ulysses legend was received by his own
contemporaries.
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