presents
a number of clear moments of social commentary in . The above quote, said
by the spirit of Jacob Marley when Scrooge asks why the spirit is "fettered," is one
such moment. Marley's Ghost appears in heavy chains, as Dickens writes:
The chain he drew was clasped about his middle. It was long, and
wound about him like a tail; and it was made (for Scrooge observed it closely) of cash-boxes,
keys, padlocks, ledgers, deeds, and heavy purses wrought in steel.
When Scrooge mentions that Marley is "fettered," Marley's Ghost replies with
the above quote, going on to say "I made it link by link, and yard by yard; I girded it on
of my own free will, and of my own free will I wore it." This quote causes the full weight
of Marley's plight to resonate with the reader. All of the steel cash-boxes, keys, and deeds
symbolize the tools of Marley's earthly trade, the things that made him a successful
businessman.
However, here he reveals that all of that success did nothing
but contribute to the punishment he would suffer in the afterlife. By being a selfish, greedy
person unwilling to use his riches for the good of those around him, he instead hoarded his
riches and will suffer forever because of it. Due to this revelation, the reader is forced to
question the traditional Capitalistic idea of success and in turn begin to wonder if perhaps
true success is counted in moral riches rather than financial ones.
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