Why does Henry Hudson say that "Chaucer was not in any sense a poet of the people," in relation to his indifference to contemporary events and his broad...

You
seem to be referring to a mix of quotations or paraphrases. Henry Hudson wrote "Chaucer was
not in any sense a poet of the people" in An Outline History of English
Literature. Moody and Lovett wrote of Chaucer (1343-1400) that "the suffering of
the poor was a matter of the utmost indifference" in A History of English
Literature. Robert Huntington Fletcher wrote "Chaucer is an artist of broad
artistic vision" in A History of English Literature. If you have
specific sources for "indifference to contemporary events" and "broad human
sympathy," the Moody/Lovett and Fletcher quotations will serve to achieve the needed answer
to your question.

Hudson's point about Chaucer is that he lived a charmed
life at court as an agent of the nobility going on diplomatic missions and having court
appointments as did other courtiers. He was by position and by personality removed from the
daily strife of the common people, strife like the plague of 1300-1348. [Even though he was
five-years-old at the end of the plague, the suffering and struggle and famine it caused
continued for a long while afterward.]

As a consequence, Hudson asserts that
Chaucer did not write about the common people or for them. Instead, he wrote for the amusement
and interests of the court. He wrote about the life he saw as a man of world travel. He wrote
about the political and religious concerns, like the corruption of the clergy, that he was
exposed to at court. He wrote about the intellectual interests that held the attention of the
privileged classes, thus his French and Italian periods before his English period.

Chaucer was not in any sense a poet of the people. He was a court
poet, who wrote for cultured readers and a refined society. The great vital issues of the day
never inspired his verse. He [wrote for] the favoured few, who wanted to be amused ... or moved
by romantic sentiment, but who did not wish to be disturbed by painful reminders .... Thus,
though he holds the mirror up to the life of his time, the dark underside of it is nowhere
reflected by him. (Hudson)

The second quote or
paraphrase, "indifference to contemporary events," refers to what critics historically
interpret as Chaucer's lack of interest in the life struggles of the common people. It might be
successfully argued, though, that this does not indicate indifference but a privileged refuge
from those struggles and a description of the life and issues he does live and see (similar to
Jane Austen's later approach).

The third quote or paraphrase, "his broad
human sympathy," indicates that  Chaucer's exclusion of contemporary issues is no
indication of his having a mean spirit or character: he is a poet of broad sympathies or
"broad artistic vision." This encompassing accord with humanity and breadth of vision
gives the charm universally attributed to his poetry in which we glimpse Chaucer's own
personality and humor.

Briefly, according to Moody and Lovett, Gower was
antithetical to Chaucer. His poetry reflects the style and interests of the Medieval period,
with an emphasis on Greek and Latin, though his last work was in English, Confessio
Amantis. Gower had a bitter resolve to speak out against uprisings against the
aristocracy. Langland was also very different but was dedicated to expressing a deep concern for
moral and religious instruction in his allegorical works, like the dream vision Piers
Plowman.