observes
that Calpurnia talks differently when she's in the company of other African Americans at her
church than she does at the Finch residence. This is a prime example of code-switching. As
Calpurnia explains, she engages in such behavior because she doesn't want to sound as if she's
putting on airs and graces.
Though a highly intelligent woman, Calpurnia
doesn't want to wear her learning too heavily. This attitude illustrates the unfortunate fact
that in Maycomb, like the rest of the Deep South, African Americans are neither expected nor
encouraged to be educated, at least not to the same standard as the white majority.
In this neck of the woods, education is power, and it is regularly used by the
institutions of white society to keep African Americans in a state of subjection. Any African
American who displays any hint of intelligence is liable to be labelled as "uppity,"
which immediately makes him or her a threat to the prevailing order.
Calpurnia is all too aware of this, which is why she, like so many other African
Americans in Maycomb, resorts to code-switching as a strategy for getting through life without
drawing too much attention to herself.
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