Explain how the following poetic forms are similar: a haiku, limerick, sonnet, and cinquain.

Each of
these poetic forms has something in common with at least one other form.

First, the , an old Japanese form of poem, is made up of three lines with a set number
of syllables per line. The pattern of syllables is 5-7-5: the first line has five syllables, the
second line has seven, and the third has five. There is no rhyme scheme. This means that the
last word of each line does not rhyme with the end of another line. For example, the 17th
Century poet Basho wrote the following:

Now the swinging
bridge (5)

€¨Is quieted with creepers€¦ (7)

Like our
tendrilled life. (5)

Note that the number at the end of
each line indicates the number of syllables in that line. There is no rhyme at the end of any of
the lines.

The cinquain is based upon the haiku and tanka forms (both
Japanese), but has its own syllabic pattern. The syllabic pattern used by the poet credit with
developing what is now called the American cinquain (Adelaide Crapsey) is 2-4-6-8-2. Unlike the
haiku and tanka, the cinquain is...

...a stanza of five
lines of accentual-syllabic verse.

The accented syllables
were set up with a pattern of stresses: 1-2-3-4-1.

Some
resource materials define classic cinquains as solely iambic, but that is not necessarily
so.

Iambic is defined as...

...a lightly stressed syllable followed by a heavily stressed syllable.

As an example, New York is said with the stress on
"York." The word (or in poetry in might be a syllable) that is stressed is not the
first, but the second. If we were showing how it was stressed just for the sake of exemplifying
the word, we might write it as:

new-'YORK

The mark before "YORK" is an accent mark. The American
cinquain has a syllabic pattern that it follows, but also one of meter.
Meter is defined as...

...varying pattern of stressed syllables alternating with syllables of less
stress.

However, similar to the haiku, there is no rhyme
employed.

The sonnet form originated in Italy, but was introduced into
England by Sir Thomas Wyatt. Like the Italian form, the Shakespearean or English sonnet has
fourteen lines and a particular meter and rhyme scheme. It is often referred to as the
Shakespearean sonnet because William Shakespeare used this sonnet form a great deal, writing 154
of them. Shakespeare placed the stress on every other syllable, using what is called href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/iambic-pentameter" title="iambic
pentameter">iambic pentameter (10 syllables per line, with a stress on
every other syllable). Unlike the haiku and cinquain (that both use only
syllabic patterns), the sonnet has href="http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/english/melani/lit_term.html" title="end
rhyme">end rhyme, so that there is a pattern followed that dictates how the
last word of each line will rhyme with other lines. For example, the Shakespearean sonnet form
uses this rhyme scheme:

abab cdcd efef
gg

This means that the first and third
line will rhyme (a) and the second and fourth line will rhyme
(b), and so on. In Shakespeare's Sonnet 29, look at the pattern of
rhyme. In the first line, note below the syllables that are accentedevery other one...

When 'in
dis-'grace with 'for-tune
'and men's 'eyes

A sonnet is much harder to write than a haiku or
cinquain.

Auses meter and
rhyme, providing the poem with a distinctive lilting rhythm. A limerick is...

...light verse consisting of a stanza of five lines, rhyming
aabba...

It also has a
rhythm easily identifiable: 3-3-2-2-3. See href="http://kabubble.com/limerick_example.htm" title="Laura Black's
limerick">Laura Black's limerick:

There
once was a man from Peru,

Who dreamed of eating his shoe...

Source:

http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_M.html#meter_anchor

 

href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinquain">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinquain