What are the main ideas and key points of chapter 13: The Socialist Challenge in Howard Zinn's A People's History of the United States?

In
chapter 13 of his ,argues that American capitalism and its associated
imperialism came under mainstream critique by the early 1900s. Though criticism was not radical
and the flaws of the capitalist system were plain to see, there also arose socialist critiques.
Writers and muckraking journalists revealed to the public eye rampant corruption and labor
exploitation. A handful of American banking interests had created a corporate oligarchy.
Scientific labor management methods, like Taylorism, sought to make workers interchangeable and
thus compromised their individuality and humanity. Poor and often dangerous working conditions
led to deaths and illnesses in New York, Chicago, and elsewhere and led to more organized labor
action in the form of strikes and membership in labor unions. The exclusivity of the unions,
specifically the barring of blacks from membership and the lack of popular control in their
administration, led to the...